Recent developments in the Middle East conflict reflect complex dynamics involving geopolitics, religion and economics. One of the main issues is the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, where tensions are rising with military attacks and massive demonstrations in the West Bank and Gaza. The latest Israeli attacks targeted Hamas infrastructure in response to rocket attacks on its territory. Meanwhile, Palestine is increasingly strengthening its position on the international stage, asking for support from Arab countries and all parties who care about human rights. In addition, the situation in Syria is not yet stable. Although military operations by Bashar al-Assad’s government have reclaimed many areas from rebel groups, the Kurdish-led SDF (Syrian Democratic Forces) has now become a new focus. With the support of the United States, they are involved in operations against ISIS, but their relations with Ankara are strained because Türkiye considers the SDF to be an offshoot of the terrorist PKK. In Iraq, ethnic and sectarian tensions continue. The reemergence of ISIS has forced citizens to unite, but political divisions within the government and the presence of Iranian-affiliated militias have further complicated the situation. Many Iraqis are urging the government to be more transparent and accountable, as complaints of corruption increase. Yemen is also facing one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises due to the conflict between the Saudi Arabian coalition-backed government and the Iran-backed Houthis. The withdrawal of some US troops from the area has the potential to change the dynamics of the conflict, and diplomatic efforts from various parties are increasingly urgent to achieve to stop the massacre and help millions of refugees. The conflict in Libya shows deep divisions, with various militias competing for control of abundant oil resources. The situation is further complicated by foreign intervention, which supports different factions. International meetings continue to be held to reach a sustainable peace agreement. Facing this challenge, countries in the Middle East are increasingly trying to improve bilateral relations. The normalization of relations between Israel and several Arab countries, such as the UAE and Bahrain, marks a major change in regional dynamics. This process is seen as a step forward to establish stability, although there are still many challenges to be faced. Finally, climate change and the economic crisis are also having a major impact on Middle East geopolitics. Countries with limited oil reserves are beginning to seek economic diversification, seeking to reduce dependence on fossil energy. Gulf countries, in particular, are currently investing heavily in technology and renewable energy sectors to create a more sustainable future. However, hopes for peace and stability are often hampered by a long history of conflict and distrust. In the context of international society, close observation of these developments is important for understanding broader dynamics in the region.