Earthquakes are a natural phenomenon that can occur anywhere in the world. This incident has had a major impact on modern society, both physically and psychologically. Earthquakes not only damage buildings and infrastructure, but also affect daily life, trigger population movements, and shake regional economies. One of the main challenges facing society today is the increasing frequency of earthquakes, along with continuously changing geological conditions. Along with rapid urbanization, many large cities are built in earthquake-prone areas. For example, Tokyo and San Francisco are two cities known for their high earthquake risk. In this context, understanding risk mitigation becomes very important. Many countries now implement strict building codes to ensure that building structures are resistant to shocks. Another aspect of this challenge is community preparedness. Education about disasters and how to survive is key to minimizing the impact. Many non-governmental and governmental organizations have launched campaigns to raise public awareness about what to do before, during, and after an earthquake. Training on evacuation and the use of first aid equipment is also very necessary to give people confidence when facing a disaster. Apart from that, modern technology plays an important role in earthquake mitigation. Early warning systems that use sensors to detect ground vibrations have helped save lives by giving people additional time to take avoidance measures. In some cases, such as the Japan Meteorological Agency, this technology allows the public to receive warnings seconds before shaking is felt. Investments in technology and research can help develop new, more effective methods of risk monitoring and mitigation. The economic aspect cannot be ignored either. Earthquakes can result in significant economic losses, reflected in infrastructure damage, lost income, and aid costs. Countries that frequently experience earthquakes, such as Indonesia and Chile, have learned from past experiences and invested in disaster insurance and well-planned rebuild programs. Economic surveys show that recovery from an earthquake takes years, so careful planning must be done so that the impact does not last long. No less important is the social impact of the earthquake. Psychological trauma can be a long-term problem for victims. Adequate psychological support is essential in the rehabilitation process. The government and health institutions need to work together to provide trauma healing support and counseling to those affected. This is a vital element in post-earthquake community recovery. In this information era, social media has proven to be an effective tool for quickly disseminating information about earthquakes. However, misinformation or hoaxes can also be a threat, adding to public confusion. Therefore, it is important for all parties to provide accurate and reliable information so that the public can act appropriately. Facing the challenges posed by earthquakes, collaboration between government, international institutions and society is crucial. Sustainable programs to increase disaster resilience must be a priority. Investments in research and technology, as well as education, are inevitable steps to create a society that is better prepared to deal with earthquakes.